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You may get a visa to attend an (intensive) language course in this situation, but certainly not for studying at TU Clausthal, since you do not fulfill the entry requirements. Which language level is required to enter?

I recommend you look for full-time language classes in Germany now!

Like Beppi mentioned, you can apply to a language school and apply for a visa for that. This is similar to a study visa (only for university) but still some differences. If a program is taught in German as the vast majority of bachelors are, then one minimally needs a B2 if not C1  level. This honestly takes upwards of 2 years full time attending a good language school and staying motivated and dedicated. Lots of schools claim they will get one through in a shorter time, even under a year, but such claims are simply not credible. Unless one is good at language learning and really dedicated, they can easily fail; saying reaching a B1 level and never getting beyond.

And all language schools have tuition, frees and living expenses. Bachelors at public universities outside of Baden-Württemberg are usually tuition-free even for non-EU students. But one does NOT learn German as a foreign language at German public universities. One can take "Germanistik", like one taking English in the US as a major. It is on a very high level looking at literature, writing etc. and not to learn the basics of the language.